All about 3D printer filament: An in-depth guide

What is 3D printer filament?

3D printer filament is the material used in FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) printers. It comes in long spools and is melted during printing, building up layer by layer to create an object. Filaments come in many different types and materials, each with unique properties and applications.

The most popular filament types

1. PLA (Polylactic Acid)

PLA is the most widely used filament for 3D printing, especially for beginners. It is biodegradable, easy to work with and does not require high temperatures. PLA is ideal for hobby models, prototypes and decorative objects. However, it is less resistant to heat and not as durable as some other filaments.

2. ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

ABS is a strong and durable material suitable for functional parts. It is heat resistant and more durable than PLA, but requires higher temperatures to print with. ABS also gives off a strong odor during printing, so good ventilation is necessary.

3. PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol-Modified)

PETG combines the advantages of PLA and ABS. It is durable, flexible and easier to print with than ABS. PETG has high resistance to chemicals and heat, making it ideal for functional parts that need to withstand stress.

4. Nylon

Nylon is known for its high strength and flexibility, making it suitable for mechanical parts and gears. However, it can be challenging to print with as it requires higher temperatures and absorbs moisture from the air, which can affect print quality.

5. TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane)

TPU is a flexible filament used to make elastic and rubber-like objects such as phone covers and bendable components. It is easy to print with on a standard FDM printer and allows you to create products with high elasticity.

Choosing the right filament

When choosing filament for your project, there are several factors to consider:

• Strength and durability: Do you need your print to withstand pressure and stress? ABS and nylon are stronger and more durable than PLA.
• Flexibility: If you need elastic parts, TPU is the right choice.
• Ease of use: For beginners, PLA is often the best choice as it is easier to work with and requires lower temperatures.
• Heat resistance: Do your parts need to withstand high temperatures? ABS and PETG are better choices for heat-resistant applications.

Storage of filament

Many filaments are sensitive to moisture, which can lead to poor print results. Especially materials like nylon and PETG absorb moisture from the air. To ensure the best possible quality, filaments should be stored in an airtight container with a moisture-absorbing package when not in use.

Closing thoughts

The choice of 3D printer filament depends largely on your projects and needs. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, from the ease of use of PLA to the high strength and flexibility of nylon and TPU. By understanding the different properties, you can choose the best filament for your 3D printing projects and ensure you achieve optimal results.

Ready to get started choosing the right filament for your projects? Whether you're a beginner or experienced, there's a filament that's perfect for your needs!